viernes, 29 de agosto de 2008

Familias de palabras

BOOK, MOUSE, SPOON.

*Book, books,booklet,booklets,bookseller, booksellers,library,bookshelves.
libro,libros,librito,libritos,librero,libreros, libreria,librerias.

*Mouse, mice,rat,rats,ratoncito.
raton,ratones,rata,ratas,ratoncito.

*spoon,spoons,teaspons,ladle,ladles,covered.
cuchara,cucharas,cucharitas,cucharon,cucharones.

martes, 26 de agosto de 2008

IPA, TO BE, WOULD LIKE

This concise chart shows the most common applications of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to represent English language pronunciations.
See Pronunciation respelling for English for phonetic transcriptions used in different dictionaries.
AuE = Australian English[1]
CaE = Canadian English
GA = General American
IrE = Irish English
NZE = New Zealand English
RP = Received Pronunciation (England)[2]
ScE = Scottish English
SAE = South African English
WaE = Welsh English
Note: An image of the chart is also available.
IPA
Examples
IPA: English Consonants
p, pʰ
pen, spin, tip
b
but, web
t, tʰ[3]
two, sting, bet
d[4]
do, odd
tʃʰ
chair, nature, teach

gin, joy, edge
k, kʰ
cat, kill, skin, queen, unique, thick
ɡ
go, get, beg
f
fool, enough, leaf, off, photo
v
voice, have, of
θ[5]
thing, teeth
ð[6]
this, breathe, father
s
see, city, pass
z
zoo, rose
ʃ
she, sure, emotion, leash
ʒ
pleasure, beige, seizure
x
Scottish loch[7]
h
ham
m
man, ham
n
no, tin
ŋ
ringer, sing,[8] finger, drink
l, ɫ[9]
left, bell
ɹ, ɹʷ
run, very[10]
w
we, queen
j
yes
ʍ
what[11]

IPA: Marginal Sounds
ʔ
uh-(ʔ)oh
IPA
Examples
AuE
CaE
GA
IrE
NZE
RP
ScE
SAE
WaE
compro-mise
Lexicalset
IPA: English Vowels
æ,æː[12]
æ/a
æ
ɛ
æ
a
a
æ
TRAP
lad, bad, cat[13]

ɑ/ɒ
ɑ
ɑː
ɐː
ɑː

ɑː
PALM
father
ɔ
ɑ
ɒ
ɒ
ɔ
ɒ
ɒ
LOT
not, wasp

ɔ
ɔː

ɔː
ɒː
ɔː
THOUGHT
law, caught[14], all, halt, talk
ə
ə
ə
ɘ
ə
ə
ə
ə
COMMA
about
ɨ
ɨ
ɪ
ɨ
ɨ
ɨ
English
ɪ
ɪ
ɪ
ɪ
ɪ
ɪ
ɪ
ɪ
KIT
sit
i
i
i
i
i
i

i
HAPPY
city





FLEECE
see

meat
æɪ
e

æe

e


FACE
date
ei
day, pain, whey, rein
e
ɛ
ɛ
ɛ
e
ɛ
ɛ
ɛ
ɛ
DRESS
bed[15]
ɜː(ɹ)
ɝ/ɹ̩
ɝ/ɹ̩
ʌɾ[16]
ɵː(ɹ)
ɜː(ɹ)
ʌɾ[16]
ɜː(ɾ)
ɜr
NURSE
burn
ɛɾ[16]
ɛɾ[16]
herd, earth
ɪɾ[16]
ɪɾ[16]
bird
aː(ɹ)
ɑɹ
ɑɹ
ɐː(ɹ)
ɑː(ɹ)

aː(ɾ)
ɑr
START
arm, car
a
ʌ
ʌ
ɔ, ʊ
ɐ
ʌ
ʌ
ɜ
ʌ
STRUT
run, won, flood
ʊ
ʊ
ʊ
ʊ
ʊ
ʉ
ʊ
ʊ
FOOT
put

hood
ʉː
u
u
ʉː



GOOSE
soon, through
ə(ɹ)
ɚ/ɹ̩
ɚ/ɹ̩
ɘ(ɹ)
ə(ɹ)
əɾ
ə(ɾ)
ər
LETTER
winner[17]
ɑe
aɪ,ʌɪ[18]
aɪ,ʌɪ
ɔɪ
ɑe


ai

PRICE
my, wise, high

ɔɪ
ɔɪ
oe
ɔɪ
oi
ɒi
ɔɪ
CHOICE
boy, hoist
əʉ
o


ɐʉ
əʊ
o


GOAT
no, toe, soap
ou
tow, soul, roll, cold, folk
æɔ
aʊ,ʌʊ[18]

æo


au

MOUTH
now, trout
jʉː
(j)u
(j)u
juː
jʉː
juː

ɪu
juː
-
cute, few, dew
ɪə(ɹ)
ɪɹ
ɪɹ
iə(ɹ)
ɪə(ɹ)

ɪə(ɾ)
ɪər
NEAR
deer, here
eː(ɹ)
ɛɹ
ɛɹ
eə(ɹ)
eə(ɹ)[19]

ɛː(ɾ)
ɛər
SQUARE
mare, there, bear
oː(ɹ)
ɔɹ
ɔɹ
ɑɾ
oː(ɹ)
ɔː(ɹ)
ɔɾ
ɒː(ɾ)
ɔr
NORTH
sort, warm
oɹ, ɔɹ
oːɾ

oː(ɾ)
ɔər
FORCE
tore, boar, port
ʊə(ɹ),ʉːə(ɹ)
ʊɹ
ʊɹ
ʊɐ(ɹ),ʉːə(ɹ)
ʊə(ɹ)[20]

ʊə(ɾ)
ʊər
CURE
tour
jʊə(ɹ),jʉːə(ɹ)
jʊɹ, jɝ
jʊɹ, jɝ
jʊɐ(ɹ),jʉːə(ɹ)
jʊə(ɹ),jɔ:(ɹ)
juɾ
ɪʊə(ɾ)
jʊər
-
pure, Europe
AuE
CaE
GA
IrE
NZE
RP
ScE
*TO BE
HE WE
SHE] IS YOU] ARE
IT THEY

so - neither
So is used to agree with a positive or affirmative statement made by, or concerning, another person. Example : Speaker A : "I like chocolate." Speaker B : "So do I." (= I like chocolate too)
A :
I speak English
Tom is hungry
Jane can swim
We have got a dog.
B :
So does Peter (Peter speaks English too)
So is Mary (Mary is hungry too)
So can Julie (Julie can swim too)
So have our parents. (Our parents have got a dog too)
Neither is used to agree with a negative statement made by, or concerning, another person. Example : Speaker A : "I don't speak Chinese." Speaker B : "Neither do I." (= I don't speak Chinese either)
A :
Tom doesn't work here.
Peter isn't tired
I can't cook
I don't have a ticket.
B :
Neither do I
Neither is Tom.
Neither can ILike / Would like / Look like / Be like
Would like vs. (Do) like
What kind of food do you like?
(Facts, personal preferences)
I like ice cream, bananas, soda pop.
I like Chinese food.
What kind of food would you like?
(If you could choose)
I would like Italian food.What kind of friend(s) do you like?
I like someone who is easygoing.
I like a person who has talent.
I like people who are kind.What kind of person would you like to marry?
I would like someone who has a lot of money.
I like a man/woman/person who is friendly.
Be like vs. Look like
What does John like?
(What are his personal preferences?)
He likes horror movies, basketball, chocolate ice cream...
What does John look like?
(Physical description)
He is tall, dark and handsome. He has black hair and wears glasses.
What is John like?
(Description of personality)
He is a nice guy. He is very kind and friendly.
Neither do I
*WOULD LOVE
WOULDverbo auxiliar I would help if I could te ayudaría si pudiera; I said that I would go dije que iría; I told him I would not leave unless .... le dije que no me iría a no ser que ...; would you like to go to the movies? ¿te gustaría ir al cine?; would you mind if I smoked? ¿le importa si fumo?; would you tell her that ...? ¿le podrías decir que ...?; would you close the door? ¿podrías cerrar la puerta?; I would have told you but ... te lo habría dicho pero ...; I would not have been so angry if ... no me habría enfadado tanto si ...
would te auxilia cuando vas a pedir algo a futuro......en espaniol lo usamos asi: me gustaria comer carne ........i would like eat some beef today............corresponde a la terminacion RIA......gusta ria ..........no se si me explico.just ...lo usas para cuando quieres algo exacto en cantidad. es un verbo auxiliar .........por ejemplo JUST do it........traduces hazlo.......... si lo traduces literal seria .......solo hazlo.
*IMPERATIVES
Definition:
Imperatives are verbs used to give orders, commands and instructions. The form used is usually the same as the base form. It is one of the three moods of an English verb. Imperatives should be used carefully in English; to give firm orders or commands, but not as much when trying to be polite or show respect to the other person.
EG: Give me that tape, please.
See Also: Declarative; Subjunctive; Voice; Aspect; Tense
'Imperatives' - Related Links
Grammar Topic: Verbs and Tenses
Browse the following links to other content related to 'Imperatives' from the 'Verbs and Tenses' grammar category:
Glossary Entries
Active
Agents
Ambitransitive Verbs
Aspect
Auxiliary Verbs
Base Form
Causative Verbs
Continuous Verbs
Copula Verbs
Declarative Mood
Ditransitive Verbs
Dynamic Verbs
Emphatic Forms
Ergative Verbs
Finite Verbs
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Progressive (Future Perfect Continuous)
Future Progressive (Future Continuous)
Inchoative Verbs
Intransitive Verbs
Irregular Verbs
Linking Verb
Main Verbs
Middle Verbs
Mood
Non-Finite Verbs
Participles
Past Participles
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Progressive (Past Perfect Continuous)
Past Progressive (Past Continuous)
Past Simple (Simple Past)
Past Simple Tense
Perfect
Perfect Aspect
Performative Verb
Present Participle
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Progressive (Present Perfect Continuous)
Present Progressive (Present Continuous)
Present Simple Tense
Progressive Aspect
Regular Verbs
Stative Verbs
Subjunctive
Tense
Transitive Verb
Verb Group
Verb Phrase
Verbs
Voice
Quizzes
Beginner:
Am, Are & Is
Auxiliary Verbs
Don't & Doesn't
Have or Has
Imperatives
Need & Needn't
She's = is or has?
Simple or Progressive?
There is or There are
There Is or There Are ?
Was or Were
Will or Would
Intermediate:
Causative
Needn't & Don't Need
Advanced:
Reflexive Verbs
Tenses
Transitive & Intransitive Verbs
Verb Types
Verbs of seeing